Westminster observes) ipsos Ba∣rones ad proprium Dominum naturalem, spreto Ludovico, diatim revocavit: Et viriliter se habentes Barones, (in fighting for King Henry) meruerunt absolvi, et Re∣gis novi dilectionem. Unde fertur ipsum no∣vum Regem dum die quadam coram altari beati Virginis & Filii sui Regis (pictured like an * Infant in his Mothers lap) assisteret tale verbum protulisse, Rogo te pue∣rum Regem, ut me Regem puerum de caetero reges et defendas.Īfter his Coronation, the Legate excommunicating the Usurper Lewes, with all his adherents, every Lords-day and Holy-day, the Barons adhering to him being informed of his secret design to banish and disinherit them all, so soon as he had conquered England, deserted him b praeterea sententia excommunicationis, quam Angli prae omnibus nationibus formidant, (as Mat. Rex verò novus qui patri barbato impubes successit, praeventus à Deo benedictionibus dulcedinis à teneris innocentiae suae annis, superni Regis amorem fervoremque concepit in tota vita: titulo humilitatis & innocentiae, puritate conscientiae, morum suavitate & gravitate sic ex∣cellit, ut praedecessores suos, quibus solo nomine Regio congruebat, quasi sanctus et inter homines imperabat, et terrenus quidem Angelus videretur. & Cestriae: of whom Henry de Knyghton gives us this character. Puer novem annorum in Regem eri∣gitur viribus et industria Gualonis Legati Papae, Wintoniensis Episcopi, Comitum de Pembroc. ex cruce signatus est in festo Omnium Sanctorum eodem anno.being crowned King at Gloucester by Gualo the Popes Le∣gate, (more out of zeal to preserve the Popes new acquired interest in England, by King John's Charter of Resignation, then any cordial affection to the King or Kingdom ) a Hujus (Gualonis) consilio & amonitione idem
UPon the untimely death of King John by poison, Anno 1216. This interpretation is based on the Conciliar Decree itself and on the Cardinal’s correspondence which documents the practice at the Papal Court in the 1450’s, including a formal arrangement of promotorship between the Cardinal and the Emperor, and negotiations concerning such a promotorship between the Cardinal and the King of Denmark.Tom. It did not indicate any difference of content between the two concepts, but only addressed the modalities of partiality and payment. The Council agreed with the stance of Pope Martin V that cardinals should act as impartial and independent advisors of popes, but - reaching back to Avignonese precedents - it accepted a form of representation termed ”promotorship” rather than ”protectorship” of royal affairs. The author’s interpretation of the development differs somewhat from Josef Wodka’s in that it recognizes the decisive role of the Council of Basle in creating a legal base for cardinals representing royal interests at the Apostolic See. It is based partly on texts examined by Josef Wodka (1938), partly on the correspondence of Cardinal Enea Silvio Piccolomini published in the Opera Omnia edition of 1571 and the correpondence of King Christian 1. This article deals with the development of Cardinal Protectors of Nations in the 15th century.
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